ISDA Papers on DLT and Smart Contracts
ISDA has published a number of papers exploring issues of legal and regulatory uncertainty as market participants seek to apply new technologies, such as smart contracts and DLT, to derivatives trading. This page contains links to each of these papers.
This page will be updated as new papers and materials are published.
Contents:
1. Legal Guidelines for Smart Derivatives Contracts
2. Whitepapers & Academic Papers
3. Letters & Consultation Responses
If you have any questions or feedback on any of these papers, please contact ISDALegal@ISDA.org
(most recent update: 22nd April, 2021)
A series of legal guidelines for smart derivatives contracts, intended to explain the core principles of ISDA documentation and to raise awareness of important legal terms that should be maintained when a technology solution is applied to derivatives trading.
| Published | Subject | Link |
| January 2019 | Introduction | Link |
| February 2019 | ISDA Master Agreement | Link |
| September 2019 | Collateral Documentation | Link |
| February 2020 | Interest Rate Derivatives | Link |
| February 2020 | Equity Derivatives | Link |
| November 2020 | Credit Derivatives | Link |
| November 2020 | Foreign Exchange (FX) | Link |
| Published | Title | Overview |
| 2017 | Smart Contracts and Distributed Ledger – A Legal Perspective | Co-authored with Linklaters, this whitepaper sets out what smart contracts and DLT are, how they might be used in a derivatives context and what the relevant legal considerations. |
| 2018 | Smart Derivatives Contracts – From Concept to Construction | Co-authored with King & Wood Mallesons, this whitepaper proposes a practical framework for constructing smart derivatives contracts. |
| 2019 | Smart Derivatives Contracts: The ISDA Master Agreement and the Automation of Payments and Deliveries | An academic paper exploring which provides a framework for understanding how derivatives contracts are structured at different levels, in terms of both the legal documentation and the work-flow and discusses how smart contract code might processes and automate payments-related and deliveries-related events. |
| 2020 | Private International Law Aspects of Smart Derivatives Contracts utilizing Distributed Ledger Technology | Co-authored with Clifford Chance, R3 and Singapore Academy of Law, this whitepaper discusses the private international law, or conflict-of-law, aspects of derivatives contracts governed by the laws of Singapore and England and Wales involving distributed ledger technology.
Subsequent papers covering French, Japanese, Irish and New York law be be found here. |
| Date | Event | Overview |
| 29 July, 2020 | Joint Association Letter on a Digital Future for Financial Markets | A letter from ISDA and several other trade associations to the Financial Stability Board, the International Organization of Securities Commissions and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision asserting our joint commitment to defining and promoting the development of a digital future for financial markets.
Access the letter here. |
| 19 March, 2021 | ISDA Response to HMT Cryptoasset and Stablecoin Consultation | ISDA’s response to HM Treasury’s consultation and call for evidence on the UK’s regulatory approach to cryptoassets and stablecoins. ISDA’s response highlights opportunities for the deployment of new technology such as distributed ledger technology (DLT) and smart contracts in the derivatives market.
Access the response here. |
Latest
Steps to a Vibrant Derivatives Market: SOM Remarks
Steps to a Vibrant and Resilient Derivatives Market December 4, 2025 Remarks at the Mediterranean Partnership of Securities Regulators Scott O’Malia ISDA Chief Executive Officer Good afternoon and thank you to the Mediterranean Partnership of Securities Regulators (MPSR) for...
ISDA Response to BoE on Gilt Market Resilience
On November 28, ISDA responded to the Bank of England’s discussion paper on gilt market resilience. ISDA encourages the Bank of England, before introducing any significant policy changes that would affect the functioning of the gilt repo market, to consider...
Addressing Termination Troubles
When Enron announced a shock $618 million loss on October 16, 2001, it took a further 47 days until it filed for bankruptcy. For Bear Stearns, it took 266 days between its bailout of a structured credit fund run by...
ISDA In Review – November 2025
A compendium of links to new documents, research papers, press releases and comment letters published by ISDA in November 2025.
